rhinoceros beetle larvae stages 2nd instar

the larval stage, which is cryptic in nature and spends nearly 90–160 days (almost 60–70% of their total life cycle period) in the breeding site, is amenable to any control measures so as to reduce the population of actual damaging adult stage. rhinoceros grubs and adults have different feeding habits as the adult feeds on plant tissues, whereas the grubs primarily feed on rotting organic matter (Giblin-Davis 2001). Adult average lifespan is around 4.7 months, and female fecundity is around 108 eggs (Nirula et al. Soil with high organic matter, decaying plant debris, dead palms, and wooden edifices are preferred breeding habitats (Manjeri et al.

ferrugineus is more injurious than the direct damage caused by O. rhinoceros and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are typically found together in oil palms and can diminish yield by up to 80%. The adult beetle attacks the unopened leaves and inflorescences, resulting in a yield loss of more than 10% (Manjeri et al. 2021).Īmong the biotic factors, the coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is the major and ubiquitous pest problem in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific islands. Many biotic and abiotic constrains limit global palm yield, resulting in a 30% loss (Sujithra et al. India is the world's leading producer of coconuts. Every component of the palm has a purpose, and the possibilities are endless. rhinoceros, and its field efficacy should be tested further to include the EPNs in the integrated pest management program in coconut.Ĭoconut is a traditional Indian crop that is valued as both a horticultural crop and an oilseed commodity. Present study found the effective native strain against O. Conclusionīased on the virulence, reproductive capacity, searching ability and LC 50 values, it is suggested that strain Sc1 have great potential as a biocontrol agent for the Oryctes management in coconut palms under humid tropical ecosystem.

With different concentration of EPN tested, the production of infective juveniles (IJs) inside the cadavers for Sc1, Sa1 and Hi1 varied between 3223–10,365 4722–96,5–85,453 larvae −1, respectively. At 72 h of incubation, the LC 50 values of Sc1, Sa1 and Hi1 strains were 1078, 16 IJs larva −1, respectively. abbasi (92%) at 10 days post treatment, whereas H. The highest larval mortality was observed with S. Oryctes rhinoceros larval susceptibility to EPN significantly varied with the treatment dose and period of exposure. carpocapsae (CPCRI-Sc1), virulence and reproductive capacity were evaluated against second instar larvae of O. Heterorhabditis indica (CPCRI-Hi1), Steinernema abbasi (CPCRI-Sa1), and S. Hence, indigenous entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) strains, viz. However, indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides has created a lot of environmental and regulatory issues, thus warranting an ecologically safe and environmental friendly alternative option. the larval stage, which is cryptic in nature and spends nearly 90–160 days in the breeding site, is amenable to any control measures so as to reduce the population of actual damaging adult stage. rhinoceros grubs and adults have different feeding habits as the adults feed on plant tissues, whereas the grubs primarily feed on rotting organic matter. The adult beetle attacks the unopened leaves and inflorescences, resulting in a yield loss of more than 10%. Many biotic and abiotic constrains limit global palm yield and among the biotic factors, the coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is the major problem in India.

Rhinoceros beetle larvae stages 2nd instar